Jeep牧马人的历史可以追溯到第二次世界大战中的美国军用威利斯吉普车。战后,Jeep开始转向民用产品生产,从CJ-2、CJ-3、CJ-5、CJ-7的演变发展后,形成了后来的牧马人(Wrangler)。牧马人系列车型最早问世于1986年,至今经历三代车型的演变。
第一代YJ(1986-1996)
1986年,代号为YJ的Jeep牧马人正式问世,取代从二战结束后一直延续的CJ系列车型。与前序车型相比,牧马人 YJ的重心更低,拥有更好的公路操控性和更舒适的内部设计,方形车灯是其在外观上的主要特征之一。最初装备有2.5升直四和4.2升直6两种发动机,后者在1991年被4.0升燃油喷射直六发动机所取代。
第二代TJ(1997-2006)
1997问世的牧马人TJ头灯重新回归了圆灯设计,全车大约有80%的部件经过了重新设计,但可翻倒的前风挡、可拆卸的车门等依然是Jeep的经典特征。TJ使用与当时的大切诺基相同的4.0升直列6缸发动机,新的Quadra-Coil悬架取代了老旧的叶式弹簧,具有更好的公路舒适性。由于离地间隙更高,它的接近角和离去角更大,其越野性能也有所强化。
2003年,Jeep首次推出牧马人车型,后轴采用了可以通过按键锁止差速器的Dana 44车桥,传动比为4:1的Rock-Trac分动箱,以及后轮盘式刹车、底盘防护板等。2004年,Jeep推出了长轴距版的牧马人,命名为Unlimited。2005年,Jeep又推出轴距加长、但越野能力等同于牧马人Rubicon车型的Rubicon Unlimited。
第三代JK(2007至今)
代号为JK的第三代Jeep牧马人具有新设计的车架、内部和外部设计及动力系统。首次出现的五门车型沿用了牧马人Unlimited的名称,该车型兼顾越野性能和日常实用性,具有五名成年乘客(含驾驶员)的驾乘空间和比以往更大的载物空间。
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